What is the primary risk associated with central line placement?

The primary risk associated with central line placement is infection. This is particularly significant because central lines are inserted into large veins, typically in high-risk areas such as the neck, chest, or groin, where the risk of introducing pathogens into the bloodstream is higher. Once a central line is placed, it can serve as a direct pathway for bacteria and other pathogens to enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to serious complications such as central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI).

Infection is a major concern for patients with central lines, especially when the catheters are left in place for extended periods. The longer the catheter remains in the body, the greater the risk of infection. This highlights the importance of maintaining strict aseptic techniques during insertion and management of the central line, including regular cleaning and monitoring for signs of infection, to minimize this risk.

While complications such as pneumothorax, thrombosis, and hemorrhage can occur during or after central line placement, the incidence of infection stands out as a primary concern due to its direct impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Addressing the risk of infection is crucial in the overall management and care of patients requiring central vascular access.