What is the purpose of using a Tourniquet during venipuncture?

The use of a tourniquet during venipuncture is primarily to distend the veins, making them more prominent and easier to access with a needle. When a tourniquet is applied to the upper arm, it restricts venous return from the arm, leading to increased pressure in the veins below the tourniquet. This distension makes the veins larger and more visible, which facilitates the insertion of the needle and helps healthcare providers to pinpoint the best access site. This practice enhances the likelihood of a successful venipuncture on the first attempt, thereby reducing discomfort for the patient and increasing efficiency in the procedure.

In contrast, slowing blood flow for easier insertion might seem relevant, but the main goal of the tourniquet is not to slow blood flow; rather, it is to facilitate vein visibility. Cleaning the skin prior to insertion is an important step in infection control but is unrelated to the specific purpose of using a tourniquet. Likewise, applying pressure after the needle is removed is a method used to manage bleeding and is not the intent behind the application of a tourniquet during the venipuncture process itself.