Which type of intravenous catheter is advanced into the central venous system through a large arm vein?

The peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is specifically designed for access to the central venous system through a large peripheral vein, typically in the arm. This placement allows for the catheter to be advanced into larger veins, such as the subclavian or superior vena cava, enabling effective delivery of medication, fluids, or nutrition for an extended period.

The unique benefit of a PICC line lies in its ability to provide long-term access (weeks to months), which is particularly useful in situations where regular peripheral venipuncture may be challenging or impractical. Additionally, the PICC can accommodate high-flow rates and various infusions, including irritating medications and parenteral nutrition.

Other types of catheters mentioned serve different purposes. For instance, while a peripheral catheter is used for short-term access to smaller veins, usually in the hand or forearm, a short-term catheter may be used in larger veins but is typically intended for temporary use. A subcutaneous catheter, on the other hand, is inserted beneath the skin for specific applications, but not for central venous access. Hence, the PICC is the suitable choice for advancing into the central venous system through a large arm vein.